From 8bd904670f0e7acea40d0f7f34fac0df502a74c1 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Cara Salter Date: Fri, 17 Jun 2022 20:34:01 -0400 Subject: Custom RTMP server --- .direnv/flake-profile | 1 + .direnv/flake-profile-1-link | 1 + .envrc | 2 +- blog/custom-rtmp.md | 91 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ statics/custom.css | 8 +++- templates/about.rs.html | 5 +++ templates/index.rs.html | 10 ++--- 7 files changed, 110 insertions(+), 8 deletions(-) create mode 120000 .direnv/flake-profile create mode 120000 .direnv/flake-profile-1-link create mode 100644 blog/custom-rtmp.md diff --git a/.direnv/flake-profile b/.direnv/flake-profile new file mode 120000 index 0000000..0c05709 --- /dev/null +++ b/.direnv/flake-profile @@ -0,0 +1 @@ +flake-profile-1-link \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/.direnv/flake-profile-1-link b/.direnv/flake-profile-1-link new file mode 120000 index 0000000..b738dee --- /dev/null +++ b/.direnv/flake-profile-1-link @@ -0,0 +1 @@ +/nix/store/334wfqshf6xiqw1i12rrx3a65pivy4wk-nix-shell-env \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/.envrc b/.envrc index 051d09d..3550a30 100644 --- a/.envrc +++ b/.envrc @@ -1 +1 @@ -eval "$(lorri direnv)" +use flake diff --git a/blog/custom-rtmp.md b/blog/custom-rtmp.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..e1a89fb --- /dev/null +++ b/blog/custom-rtmp.md @@ -0,0 +1,91 @@ +--- +title: Self-hosting a Live Stream Server +author: Cara Salter +date: 2022-06-15 +--- + +This Sunday, I will be running the technical side of an online Pride event +hosted by my partner. Part of this includes live music performances that all +need to go to the same stream output. I also need to be able to scale and +transcode the streams appropriately. There are, of course, commercial options +available, but that wouldn't be very fun (or cheap!). What fun is having servers +if I can't also mess around with them? + +The specific final destination has particular codecs and resolutions, and they +recommend something like [Oven Media Engine][ome] to take in all the streams and +allow them to be rebroadcasted into their intake server. I spent most of today +trying to make it work, and while I was able to successfully *send* to it, I +couldn't get anything out of it, no matter how much I tried. This was mostly +because of a lack of understanding on my part, but also the relatively +confusing-to-newcomers way that the configuration and documentation is +presented. + +That's not to say that it's unfriendly to new users, just that it requires a lot +more prior knowledge and research than I expected or was capable of dealing with +in the moment. I'm sure it's a wonderfully useful software, it just didn't +fulfill my need for something that could be set up and tested for this weekend. + +Eventually I remembered an [old post][ddevault] by Drew DeVault that talked +about self-hosting his own live-streaming server with `nginx`. In it, he streams +a screengrab of an X11 window via `ffmpeg`[^1] into a DASH[^2] sink using the +`nginx-rtmp` module. + +This looks great! Streaming into nginx that then can be republished and pulled +into OBS for transcoding and restreaming. I ended up installing the RTMP module +on one of my servers, and wrote the following configuration: + +``` +rtmp { + server { + listen 1935; + chunk_size 4096; + + application live { + live on; + record off; + } + } +} +``` + +That's really all it takes. `1935` is used because it's the standard RTMP port, +but really any one can be used. This lets me send streams to +`rtmp://:1935/live/`. Where it says ``, +that's the bit where you can separate each stream. Then, I can add a Media +Source to OBS or VLC with that same URL, and it will automatically pull the +stream down. By managing stream keys, you can have multiple people streaming in +at once, and then switch between them using software like OBS. + +I'm mostly using the stock OBS settings, but I'm making sure to use the `x264` +encoder and the `veryfast` encoder preset, which is easier on web browsers. +There's no noticable difference in quality, so in my opinion there's no need to +go any higher. + +The RTMP module also lets you use the nginx `allow` and `deny` directives, for +access control based on IP addresses or subnets. For example, if I only wanted +to be able to stream from within my VPN, I could set + +``` +allow publish ; +deny publish all; +``` + +which would only let my laptop (or any other IP I wanted) broadcast. I'm sure +there's some way to do this better, like predetermining which stream keys are +able to play, but I haven't been able to find it yet, so I've just been +disabling the module when I don't need it. + +To recap, the general steps I took were: +1. Install and configure the nginx RTMP module +2. Configure OBS to stream to the RTMP URL +3. Add a media source to VLC with that same URL to play + +I hope this was able to help! I plan on looking into this more, especially the +access control bits, so I'll be sure to update this post with anything I find. + +[^1]: Which, if you didn't know, is a really wonderful tool that can do +basically anything related to A/V including transcoding and streaming. +[^2]: Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP + +[ome]: https://ovenmediaengine.com +[ddevault]: https://drewdevault.com/2018/08/26/Self-hosted-livestreaming.html diff --git a/statics/custom.css b/statics/custom.css index d13f117..03a8f72 100644 --- a/statics/custom.css +++ b/statics/custom.css @@ -10,7 +10,11 @@ a { /* Base container */ .container { margin: auto; /* centered */ - width: 80%; /* looks nice */ + width: 60%; /* looks nice */ +} + +.centered { + margin: auto; } /* Navbar */ @@ -43,6 +47,8 @@ a { .inner-column { flex: 50%; + margin-right: 0.5rem; + margin-left: 0.1rem; } /* Post list */ diff --git a/templates/about.rs.html b/templates/about.rs.html index 95fb994..010a5ab 100644 --- a/templates/about.rs.html +++ b/templates/about.rs.html @@ -40,4 +40,9 @@ +
+

solard

+

REST API management plane for virtual machines, to enable remote + management across a network.

+ @:footer_html() diff --git a/templates/index.rs.html b/templates/index.rs.html index 0b8ddc0..fc3ea8c 100644 --- a/templates/index.rs.html +++ b/templates/index.rs.html @@ -13,7 +13,7 @@

About me

I am a:
    -
  • Trans
    woman
    (she/her)
    • +
  • Trans woman (she/her)
  • Eagle Scout
  • Software Engineer
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@ My past projects are, in no particular order: